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Russia’s Lived Enlightenment in the Long Eighteenth Century
Russia’s Lived Enlightenment in the Long Eighteenth Century
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Description
Elise Kimerling Wirtschafter convincingly argues that the Russian Enlightenment is best described as a lived Enlightenment-the commitment to and the practice of living an enlightened life. Wirtschafter examines the Russian Enlightenment with reference to the monarchy (or state), the Russian Orthodox Church, and the educated service classes.
Russia's Lived Enlightenment in the Long Eighteenth Century shows that, for the monarchy, Enlightenment principles provided effective mechanisms and ideological justifications for state building, resource mobilization, and the imposition of social control. For the Church, which long had been Russia's primary center of higher learning, Enlightenment thought introduced new forms of philosophical and scientific knowledge that had to be brought into the fold of Orthodox religious belief. For Russia's educated classes, which remained service classes until the second quarter of the 19th century, Enlightenment culture and sociability became vehicles for developing the independent moral voice of an emergent public (publika) or civil society of the educated (obshchestvo).
The book reveals that representatives of the monarchy, Church, and educated classes contributed to the Enlightenment in different ways, including the spread of ideas identified with Enlightenment thought in Central and Western Europe. Overall, Wirtschafter contends, Russian enlighteners sought to promote imperial greatness, reform human behavior, and encourage material, social, and cultural progress, without abandoning tradition or overturning political and social arrangements.
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Table of Contents
Preface
Introduction: Russian Enlightenment in European Context
Chapter One: Enlightenment Monarchy and Reform from Above
Chapter Two: Religious Enlightenment and Christian Humanitarianism
Chapter Three: Enlightenment Elites and the Voice of Independent Society
Conclusion: The Common Good of the Russian Enlightenment
Further Reading
Product details
| Published | 10 Dec 2026 |
|---|---|
| Format | Ebook (PDF) |
| Edition | 1st |
| Pages | 136 |
| ISBN | 9781350517578 |
| Imprint | Bloomsbury Academic |
| Illustrations | 10 bw illus |
| Series | Russian Shorts |
| Publisher | Bloomsbury Publishing |
About the contributors
Reviews
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This is an important study of the distinctiveness of the Russian Enlightenment. Professor Wirtschafter presents an extraordinarily wide-ranging, erudite and lucid analysis of Russian government, society, intellectual life and culture to demonstrate convincingly why in practice the 'lived Enlightenment' failed to challenge the political and social order.
Janet Hartley, Professor Emeritus of International History, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK
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A compelling, highly original analysis, by a foremost American historian, of Russia's engagement in and experience of the European Enlightenment in the Long 18th Century, which is as convincing as it is cogent – and, moreover, as a significant contribution to the literature – long overdue.
Patrick O'Meara, Emeritus Professor of Russian and former Master of Van Mildert College, Durham University, UK
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Elise Kimerling Wirtschafter's new book, Russia's Lived Enlightenment in The Long Eighteenth Century constitutes a genuinely outstanding contribution to our field. In the space of a mere 200+ pages it offers its readers a narrative that is simultaneously extensively researched, multi-dimensional, original, and absolutely crystal clear, offering important new insights into the interconnections of the discourses of state, educated society, and the Orthodox Church over the century-and-a half that it covers. It consistently challenges received wisdoms, rigid categorizations, and familiar stereotypes, offering in their place a nuanced and far more fluid reading of the Enlightenment phenomenon in Russia and elsewhere. Truly a pleasure to read and reflect upon.
Gary Marker, Professor of History Emeritus, Stony Brook University, USA

























